Off-grid solar power plants rely primarily on critical components such as solar panels, controllers, batteries, and inverters to power scenarios that are not connected to the grid or require an independent power source. Here’s how it works in detail:
Solar panels convert solar energy:
In lighting conditions, solar panels absorb sunlight and convert it into DC energy. The principle of operation of solar panels is based on the photoelectric effect, which consists in the fact that when sunlight hits a semiconductor material, an electric current is generated.
Controller regulates electrical energy
The converted DC electrical energy is first regulated and controlled by the controller. Key features of the controller include:
Directs the corrected power to the DC load according to the needs of equipment that uses DC power directly.
Excess electrical energy is sent to the battery pack for storage in case it is needed.
Monitor the charging status of the battery, prevent overcharging or over-discharging, and ensure the safety and lifespan of the battery.
Electric energy storage battery
A battery storage battery stores electrical energy when there is enough solar energy and releases electrical energy on cloudy days, at night, or when solar energy is scarce, ensuring continuity of power supply.
Inverter converts alternating current
For equipment that requires alternating current, the inverter converts the direct current in the battery to alternating current. In this way, an off-grid solar power plant can supply energy to an AC load.
The working process of the entire autonomous solar power plant is cyclical, ensuring a stable power supply to the load in all weather conditions. In addition, off-grid solar power plants are usually equipped with limited load protection and lightning protection devices to protect the system equipment from damage caused by overload and lightning strikes, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the system.
Overall, off-grid solar power plants provide reliable and environmentally friendly energy solutions for various scenarios through the efficient use of solar energy combined with advanced energy conversion and storage technologies.