The safety of 12V lithium batteries involves many aspects, and the following is an analysis of its safety:
Cell materials
Some 12V lithium batteries may use polymer cells for energy storage, which are lighter and more cost-effective than lithium iron phosphate, but less safe. If low-quality polymer cells are used, the risk factor is even greater.
Protection Plate
Some lithium batteries are equipped with protection plates, which can protect the battery from overcharging and discharging, which improves the safety of the battery to a certain extent. As long as extreme situations such as pinprick do not occur, there are usually no major problems.
Internal factors
The electrode materials and electrolyte of lithium-ion batteries are flammable, and heat (internal or external) can cause fires and decompose to produce gases, increasing the likelihood of battery explosions.
The strength of the polymer separator film is relatively low, and it is easy to be damaged in the case of collision or overheating, resulting in a short circuit of the battery.
Defects in the manufacturing process, such as long tabs of the cell, tabs pressing on the core, etc., can also cause safety issues.
External factors
External factors such as overcharging, external short circuit, and violent impact may cause spontaneous combustion of lithium-ion batteries.
Temperature
The temperature range of lithium batteries is usually between -20°C and 60°C, and the recommended temperature is 0°C to 45°C. Temperatures that are too high or too low can affect the performance and safety of the battery.
The use of lithium batteries in a high-temperature environment will accelerate the chemical reaction inside the battery, which may lead to damage to the battery; In a low-temperature environment, the remaining charge of the battery will be significantly reduced, and the charging speed will also be slow.
Notes
Try to avoid using lithium batteries at high or low temperatures.
When storing, it should be placed in a dry and ventilated place, away from high temperatures or fire.
Do not use and charge directly on electronic devices, it is recommended to use a professional lithium battery charger.
Do not leave the lithium battery in a state of being dead or fully charged for a long time.
To sum up, the safety of 12V lithium batteries is affected by many aspects such as cell materials, protective plates, internal and external factors, and temperature. In order to ensure safe use, it is necessary to follow the relevant use and maintenance recommendations.